PLONK
ZK Compression · Bottom
A universal zk-SNARK proving system requiring only a single circuit-agnostic trusted setup (universal SRS), eliminating per-circuit ceremonies needed by Groth16 while producing slightly larger proofs. PLONK variants support custom gates and lookup tables for efficient encoding of operations like range checks and hash functions in arithmetic circuits. On Solana, PLONK is less commonly deployed for on-chain verification than Groth16 due to higher compute cost, but is used in off-chain toolchains and protocol designs targeting future SVM upgrades.